This may have to be a several-part thing since there are a million different spices. My hope is that you’ll be able to use this as a reference whenever you’re not sure of what spice to use or how much.
allspice – blend of cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves. Used in baked goods, and stews. Substitute – ground cinnamon, nutmeg or cloves.
Anise seeds – licoricelike flavor. Used in cabbage dishes, meats and fruit desserts. Substitute – fennel seeds or a few drops of anise extract.
Cardamon, ground – spicy and sweet with peppery and ginger tones. Used in curried dishes, beans and baked goods. Substitute – ground ginger.
Chili powder – hot, spicy, peppery. Used in soups, stews, marinades, meat dishes. Substitute – dash hot sauce plus equal measures of ground oregano and cumin.
Cinnamon – in ground or stick form. Strong, spicy and sweet flavor. Most commonly used in baked goods, meats, breads, hot coffee, tea, and chocolate. Substitute – ground nutmeg or allspice but only 1/4 the amount.
Cloves – ground and whole form. Strong, pungent almost spicy flavor. Used in beans, barbecue, chili, fruit desserts and cakes. Substitute – ground allspice, cinnamon or nutmeg.
Cumin – one of my favorites. Adds great smoky flavor without heat. Used in indian and mexican cooking, chili and stews. Substitute – chili powder.
Curry powder – this is one of those “love it or hate it” spices. Fragrant, mild to hot blend of up to 20 spices. Used in meats, stews, root veggies, indian cooking. Substitute – equal parts cumin, coriander, red and black pepper, ginger and tumeric.
Fennel – mild licorice flavor. Also a “love it or hate it:” spice. Used in meats, sausages, poultry, breads, cakes, coleslaw. Substitute – anise or caraway seeds.
Ginger – whole or ground. Sweet, hot flavor. Used in stir-fries, marinades, meats and baked goods. Substitute – ground allspice, cinnamon, mace or nutmeg.
Mustard – dry or seeds. Seeds are spicy and hot. Dry gets hot when mixed with water. Seeds are used in pickling, relishes and boiled veggies. Dry is used in salad dressings, egg and cheese dishes and chili. I love this one….great in baked beans and barbecue. Substitute – none except to use prepared mustard. 1 tbsp. for 1 tsp. dry.
Nutmeg – slightly sweet and spicy. Used a lot in fall cooking, baked goods, white sauces, and custards. Substitute – ground cinnamon, ginger or mace.
Paprika – One of my favorites, too. Comes in spanish which is sweet and slightly bitter or Hungarian which can be labeled sweet or hot. Also comes in smoked. I love the smoked and sweet versions. Great in veggies, beef, chicken, salads. Substitute – cayenne can be used, but not as much because it’s hotter.
Pepper – Comes in black, white, pink, green, you name it. Black is more pungent than white. Good in pretty much any savory food or spiced dessert. Substitute – white pepper may be used instead of black, but it’s milder. I have to use white because my husband is a baby when it comes to hot stuff.
Red pepper – Hot, smoky and spicy. Use in moderation. Used in beans, meat, egg and cheese dishes, stews and sauces. Substitute – couple drops of hot sauce.
Ok, that’s all I’ll bore you with for now. As you probably know, there are a million different combinations of all these spices. Use your imagination, or you can buy them in blends. We’ll figure that out next time!